Quran a Mathematical Approach

In mathematics there is a theory known as ‘Theory of Probability’. If you have two options, out of which one is right, and one is wrong, the chances that you will chose the right one is half, i.e. one out of the two will be correct. You have 50% chances of being correct. Similarly if you toss a coin the chances that your guess will be correct is 50% (1 out of 2) i.e. 1/2. If you toss a coin the second time, the chances that you will be correct in the second toss is again 50% i.e. half. But the chances that you will be correct in both the tosses is half multiplied by half (1/2 x 1/2) which is equal to 1/4 i.e. 50% of 50% which is equal to 25%. If you toss a coin the third time, chances that you will be correct all three times is (1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2) that is 1/8 or 50% of 50% of 50% that is 12½%. A dice has got six sides. If you throw a dice and guess any number between 1 to 6, the chances that your guess will be correct is 1/6. If you throw the dice the second time, the chances that your guess will be correct in both the throws is (1/6 x 1/6) which is equal to 1/36. If you throw the dice the third time, the chances that all your three guesses are correct is (1/6 x 1/6 x 1/6) is equal to 1/216 that is less than 0.5 %.

Let us apply this theory of probability to the Qur’an, and assume that a person has guessed all the information that is mentioned in the Qur’an which was unknown at that time. Let us discuss the probability of all the guesses being simultaneously correct. At the time when the Qur’an was revealed, people thought the world was flat, there are several other options for the shape of the earth. It could be triangular, it could be quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, spherical, etc. Lets assume there are about 30 different options for the shape of the earth. The Qur’an rightly says it is spherical, if it was a guess the chances of the guess being correct is 1/30.

The light of the moon can be its own light or a reflected light. The Qur’an rightly says it is a reflected light. If it is a guess, the chances that it will be correct is 1/2 and the probability that both the guesses i.e the earth is spherical and the light of the moon is reflected light is 1/30 x 1/2 = 1/60. Further, the Qur’an also mentions every living thing is made of water. Every living thing can be made up of either wood, stone, copper, aluminum, steel, silver, gold, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, oil, water, cement, concrete, etc. The options are say about 10,000. The Qur’an rightly says that everything is made up of water. If it is a guess, the chances that it will be correct is 1/10,000 and the probability of all the three guesses i.e. the earth is spherical, light of moon is reflected light and everything is created from water being correct is 1/30 x 1/2 x 1/10,000 = 1/60,000 which is equal to about .0017%.

The Qur’an speaks about hundreds of things that were not known to men at the time of its revelation. Only in three options the result is .0017%. I leave it upto you, to work out the probability if all the hundreds of the unknown facts were guesses, the chances of all of them being correct guesses simultaneously and there being not a single wrong guess. It is beyond human capacity to make all correct guesses without a single mistake, which itself is sufficient to prove to a logical person that the origin of the Qur’an is Divine.

The Prime Evidence

The prime evidence comes in the form of a highly sophisticated mathematical code embedded in an ancient document, the Quran.

In 1974, computer decoding of this document unveiled an intricate mathematical pattern based on the prime number 19.

Although the Quran has been in existence for over 1406 years, its mathematical code remained a secret until computer decoding became possible. As it turned out, the code ranges from extreme simplicity to a complex, interlocking intricacy. Thus, it can be appreciated by persons with limited education, as well as scholars.

The Quran, revealed to prophet Muhammad in 610 AD as The Final Testament, is a perpetual miracle for our computer generation. It is a challenge for atheists, an invitation for agnostics and a guidance for believers.

Before the Secret was Decoded

Before the discovery of the 19-based system, Muslims were aware of some symmetrical mathematical wonders in the Quran.
For example:

Word / Meaning / Occurrences

Dunya This world 115
Akhira The hereafter 115

Malak Angle 88
Shaytan Satan 88

Hayat Life 145
Maot Death 145

Rejul Man 24
Mer'a Women 24

Shehr Month 12
Eyyam Days 30
Yaom Day 365

Bahr Sea 32
Ber Land 13
that is
32/45 X 100% = 71.11111111%
13/45 X 100% = 28.88888888%
the % of Sea and Land on Earth

Simple to Understand, Impossible to Imitate

The mathematical structure of the Quran, or The Final Testament, is simple to understand, yet impossible to imitate. You do not need to know Arabic, the original language of the Quran to examine it for yourself. You only need to be able to recognize the 28 letters of the Arabic alphabet to verify it yourself.

The Quran is characterized by a unique phenomenon never found in any other book. Every element of it is mathematically composed, from its chapters, their verses, their words, the number of certain letters, the number of words from the same root, the number and variety of divine names, the unique spelling of certain words, etc.

Because of this comprehensive mathematical symmetry, the slightest distortion of the Quran's text or physical arrangement is immediately exposed [Rashad Khalifa, Quran: The Final Testament, 1989, p. 609].

Physical, Examinable Evidence

Chapter 74 of the Quran, is dedicated to the PRIME number 19. This number is specifically mentioned as a "punishment" for those who claim that the scripture is human-made (74:25). Is is also called one of the greatest sings or miracles (74:35).

In 74:31, the purpose of this number is described: to remove all doubts regarding the authenticity of the Quran, to increase the faith of the believers, and to be a scientific challenge for hypocrites and disbelievers.

Here is the complete text of Chapter 74 of the Quran translated into English.

Statistics of this historical message:

• The first verse, i.e., the opening statement "Bism Allah Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem", consists of 19 Arabic letters.
  
• The first word Ism (name), occurs in the Quran 19 times, or 19x1.
  The second word of Allah (God) occurs 2698 times, or 19x142.
  The third word of Rahman (Gracious) occurs 57 times, or 19x3.
  The fourth Raheem (Merciful) occurs 114 times, or 19x6.

• The sum of the multiplication factors of these words (1+142+3+6) add up to 152 or 19x8.

Although this phenomenon (the opening statement consists of 19 letters, and each word occurs in multiple of 19) represents a tiny portion of the code, it was described by Martin Gardner in the Scientific American as "ingenious" (September, 1981, p. 22-24).

• The Quran consists of 114 chapters, which is 19x6.
  
• The total number of verses in the Quran including all unnumbered "Bism Allah Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem" is 6346, or 19x334.
  If you add the digits of that number, 6+3+4+6 equals 19.
  
• The "Bism Allah Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem" occurs 114 times, (despite its conspicuous absence from chapter 9, it occurs twice in chapter 27) and 114 is 19x6.
  
• The occurrence of the extra "Bism Allah Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem" is in 27:30. The number of the chapter and the verse add up to 57, or 19x3.
  
• The total numbers of verses containing the word "Allah" (God), add up to 118123, and is 19x6217.
  
• The total occurrences of the word Allah (God) in all the verses whose numbers are multiples of 19 is 133, or 19x7.
  
• The key commandment: "You shall devote your worship to God alone" (in Arabic "Wahdahu") occurs in 7:70; 39:45; 40:12,84; and 60:4. The total of these numbers adds up to 361, or 19x19.
  
• The Quran is characterized by a unique phenomenon that is not found in any other book: 29 chapters are prefixed with "Quranic Initials" which remained mysterious for over 1400 years. With the discovery of the code 19, we realized their major role in the Quran's mathematical structure. The initials occur in their respective chapters in multiples of 19. For example, Chapter 19 has five letters in its beginning, K.H.Y.A'.SS., and the total occurrence of these letters in this chapter is 798, or 19x42.

To witness the details of the miracle of these initials, a short chapter which begins with one initial, letter "Q", will be a good example. The frequency of "Q" in chapter 50 is 57, or 19x3. The letter "Q" occurs in the other Q-initialled chapter, i.e., chapter 42, exactly the same number of times, 57. The total occurrence of the letter "Q" in the two Q-initialled chapters is 114, which equals the number of chapters in the Quran. The description of the Quran as "Majid" (Glorious) is correlated with the frequency of occurrence of the letter "Q" in each of the Q-initialled chapters. The word "Majid" has a geometrical value of 57.

Chapter 42 consists of 53 verses, and 42+53 is 95, or 19x5. Chapter 50 consists of 45 verses, and 50+45 is 95, or 19x5.

• The Quran mentions 30 different cardinal numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 19, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 99, 100, 200, 300, 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000, 50000, & 100000. The sum of these numbers is 162146, which equals 19x8534.
  
• The Quran contains 8 fractions: 1/10, 1/8, 1/6, 1/5, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3. Thus, the Quran contains 38 (19x2) different numbers.
  
• If we write down the number of each verse in the Quran, next to one another, preceded by the number of verses in each chapter (e.g. first chapter has 7 verses, so we write 71234567.......to end of chapter 114 which has 6 verses.......6123456), the resulting long number consists of 12692 digits (19x668). Additionally, the huge number itself is also a multiple of 19.

How Can We Explain This Phenomenon?

There are basically four possible explanations:

1. Manipulation: One may be sceptical about our data regarding the mathematical structure of the Quran. However, one can eliminate this option by spending several hours of checking the data at random. Several books on the subject have been published and can be obtained from the Monotheist Production International, P.O. Box 43476, Tucson, AZ 85733-3476. Tel/Fax: +1 (520) 323-7636.
   
2. Coincidence: This possibility is eliminated by the statistical probability laws. The consistency and frequency of the 19-based pattern is much too overwhelming to occur coincidentally. Plus it says: Over it are nineteen!!! So it must be deliberate.
   
3. Human fabrication: While fabricating a literary work that meets the criteria of the document summarized here is a stunning challenge for our computer generation, it is certainly even more improbable during the time of initiation of the document, namely, 610 AD.
   
   In addition, if a certain person or persons had fabricated this literary work, they would want to reap the fruits of their efforts; they would have shown it to people to prove their cause. In view of the originality, complexity, and mathematical sophistication of this work, one has to admit that it is ingenious. However, no one has ever claimed credit for this unique literary code; the code was never known prior to the computer decoding accomplished by Dr. Khalifa in 1974. Therefore, it is reasonable to exclude the possibility of human fabrication. The timing of the discovery may be considered another evidence for the existence and full control of the Supreme Being: The mystery of the number 19 which is mentioned as "one of the greatest sings" in the chapter 74 was discovered by Dr. Khalifa in 1974, exactly 1406 (19x74) lunar years after the revelation of the Quran. The connection between 19 (the code) and 74 (the number of the chapter which this code is mentioned) is significant in the timing of the discovery.
   
4. Supreme Being: The only remaining possibility is that a super intelligent source is responsible for this document; one who designed the work in this extraordinary manner, then managed to keep it a well guarded secret for 14 centuries, for a predetermined time.
   
   The mathematical code ensures that
   - the source is a Supreme Being, the Creator, God, Allah
   - and that the document remains perfectly intact.